Fabrics are woven or knitted, freshly coming off the machine are called gray goods which must be treated in different ways to give them the important finishing touch.
Introduction
When fabrics are woven or knitted, freshly coming off the machine, we cannot use then as they are to make garments because they are crude and coarse, they also shrink tremendously when we wash them. Fabrics at this stage are called grey goods which must be treated in different ways to give them the important finishing touch. We call this finishing touch “finish”. This finishes we apply to fabrics are either for practical reasons or appearances. There is a wide range of finish we use on fabrics today
Commonly used Finishing methods on Fabrics
1. Pre-Shrinking Finish: Pre-shirking is needed almost on all fabrics because most textile materials shrink when washed.
2. Softening Finish: Fabric softening is generally done together with desizing (desize means to destarch) and pre-shrinking.
3. Brush and Sanding Finish: In many cases we may finish the fabric by brushing or sanding to give them smooth velvet–like or suede-like surface.
4. Mercerizing and Singeing Finish: Singeing and mercerizing are in many cases related and done at the same time. Singeing is passing the fabric through a flame (fire) so that the hair and nubs of the fabric are burnt off to give it a clean surface.
5. Resin Finish: Resin finish is to stabilize the fiber to make it shrinkage and crease resistant.
6. Permanent Press Finish: Permanent Press Finish (P.P.Finish) is generally done on TC fabrics;
7. Skewing Finish: Skewing is an operation done by machine to make the weft threads in the fabric skewed against the perpendicular warp threads.
8. Chintz Finish: Chintz finish is usually applied on TC CVC or cotton poplin to give it a glossy finish.
9. Water Repellent Finish: Water repellent finish is different from water proof finish. It means water, if showered on the fabric briefly, cannot make the fabric wet.
10. Water Proof Finish: Peach Skin Finish: Peach skin is a smooth finish applied to finely woven Micro Fiber fabric.
11. Soil Release Finish: Repel the stains and soil using repellants such as flourochemicals or create a surface that aids the removal of soils when cleaning or laundering using chemicals based on poly-acrylic acid.
12. Fire Retardant Finish: The finishing of fabrics with flame retardants can reduce the tendency to burn or reduce the tendency to propagate the flame.
13. Sanforization Finish: Shrinkage in garments is very important issue because when they shrink out of size, they cannot be worn.
credits to: textileschool.com
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